";s:4:"text";s:29111:"Gri008 - Luxurious Swiss ski chalet, near St. Moritz. His rebellion along with the rebellion of 31 other League officers forced the French to withdraw without a fight. The economy and environment of the 4th and 3rd millennia BC in the northern Alpine foreland based on studies of animal bones. In the lower part of the Engadin is also the side valley of Samnaun. miles and 187,920 inhabitants (2006).During the Reformation it showed many indications of a rapidly growing Anabaptist movement, which was, however, violently suppressed. grisons switzerland dna. [30], The constitution of the Grisons, last revised on 14 September 2003, states in its preamble that the canton's purpose is to "safeguard freedom, peace, and human dignity, ensure democracy and the Rechtsstaat, promote prosperity and social justice and preserving a sane environment for the future generations, with the intention of promoting trilingualism and cultural variety and conserving them as part of our historical heritage". 720,000 (2019 census) [1] Language family. 24 per cent of the workforce are employed in industry whereas 68 per cent work in the service industry. [23][27] On 24 January 1639, Jrg Jenatsch was killed during Carnival by an unknown attacker who was dressed as a bear. The Swiss army had last fought in 1847, during the Sonderbund, a short civil war. Records can be accessed online. [2] As of 2007[update], the population included 28,008 foreigners, or about 14.84% of the total population. Abstract:Incurvaria ullae sp. The cultural diversity, the beautiful countryside and the effective infrastructure with hospitable hotels, mountain railways, baths, spas and sports facilities are decisive factors in making Graubnden a leading vacation destination both in winter and in summer. Form B includes all citizens living outside of Switzerland, including year of departure and foreign place of residence. Graubnden is a typical mountain area and highland. In some parts of Switzerland, common surnames also relate to geography or places. As a consequence, the only standard gauge railway in the canton is that of the Rhine Valley, ending at Chur station. All other farms are located in the mountain regions. The Alpine ibex is the canton's heraldic symbol. From. Gerber, the cantons most common name, is German for tanner or leather dresser. When it became clear that the French intended to remain permanently in the Leagues, but would not force the Valtellina to convert to Protestantism, Jrg Jenatsch (now a mercenary leader) converted in 1635 to the Catholic faith. Get 20% Off Images: JAN20OFF. As a consequence, its topography is extremely rugged and many of the highest settlements in the country (and Europe) are found there, notably in the Upper Engadin. Create an account. [26] The murder of Planta encouraged the Protestant faction and they assembled a poorly led and disorganized army to retake the Valtellina and other subject lands. The Grisons lies fully within the Alps, with elevations above sea-level ranging from 260 to 4,049 metres (853 to 13,284ft). [36] The main religions are Catholicism and Protestantism. The spectacular alpine environment makes Grisons one of the most attractive winter and hiking regions. Swiss Italiandialetto svizzeroNative toItalian Grisons, SwitzerlandEthnicitySwiss ItaliansNative speakers720,000 (2019 census)[1]Language familyIndo-European ItalicRomanceItalo-DalmatianItalianSwiss . Tome 2, Histoire militaire des suisses au service de la France : avec les pices justificatives. miles) of glaciers. Unique Grisons Switzerland stickers featuring millions of original designs created and sold by inde. Search for the relative or ancestor you selected. Additionally, their last names may sometimes be a shorter version of their names. Multilingualism is also present in schools and in the administration. The canton is also bordered by Liechtenstein to the north; Austria's federated states of Vorarlberg and Tyrol to the north and east; and Italy's autonomous province of South Tyrol and region of Lombardy to the south. The popular Swiss surnames can be traced to occupational origins. No proper study of the genetic diversity between Swiss region has been conducted to this day. [60], Largest and easternmost canton of Switzerland. It consists of five dialect groups, each with its own written language: Sursilvan, Vallader, Puter, Surmiran and Sutsilvan. There are 3,006 Bern-based residents listed with this name. German names have no mark; Italian names are indicated by an asterisk*; Romansh names are indicated in italics. The resulting peace treaty of January 1622, forced Grisons to cede the Mstair, the Lower Engadine and Prttigau valleys. It is one of the three large southern Alpine cantons, along with Ticino and Valais, which comprehend regions on the south side of the Alps. The Swiss people ( German: die Schweizer, French: les Suisses, Italian: gli Svizzeri, Romansh: ils Svizzers) are the citizens of Switzerland [b] or people of Swiss ancestry . A third league was established in 1436 by the people of ten bailiwicks in the former Toggenburg countship, as the dynasty of Toggenburg had become extinct. The former constitutes a long and straight valley, the Surselva, shut off from the lower plains by the Rhine Gorge. Train operators. There are, however, a great number of other tourist resorts in the canton, divided by the official tourist board for winter sports for example into categories "Top - Large - Small and beautiful". The census includes house number, given name, surname, sex, year of birth, citizenship and residence status (within either Graubnden, other Swiss cantons, or foreign countries), religion, marital status, and occupation. Bird hunting is another possibility. Would you like to experience Grisons on the move? [7] It is also the only one where Romansh, Switzerland's fourth national language, has official status. Die Sdostschweiz (in German) and La Quotidiana (Romansh) are some of the most important written media of the region. Grisons is the French (and English) name, although French is rarely spoken in this canton. Schweizerisches Orts-Lexikon = Manuel-lexique des localits suisses = Manuale-lessico delle localit svizzere, Ortslexikon des Kantons Zrich, oder, Alphabetische Aufzhlung aller Ortschaften, Hfe und einzelne Wohungen des Kantons : die besondere Namen tragen, mit Angabe der brgerlichen und kirchlichen Abtheilungen, in welche sie gehren, Deutsche Familiennamen nach ihrer Entstehung und Bedeutung : mit besonderer Rcksichtnahme auf Zrich und die Ostschweiz, United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) Records, 1943-1947 (USHMM), Monatliche Nachrichten Schweizerischer Neuheiten, Schweizerische Monaths-Chronik, oder, Monathliche Berichte von vaterlndischen Gegenstnden, Do not sell or share my personal information, There are no newspapers & periodicals collections unique to Switzerland, There are no court, land, wills & financial collections unique to Switzerland. view more. The farmers of Graubnden cultivate the land stretching across the Alpine arc, from grapes and chestnuts in the South over the highest Alps and steeps all the way down to the Rhine valley in Chur, where all the field crops grow and where the grapes are pressed to produce one of the best wines of Switzerland. Switzerland RMH01348-Alpine ibex (Capra ibex, Capra ibex ibex), standing in the mountains on a cliff edge in the snow, Switzerland, Grisons, Piz Bernina By the end of October, Spain and Austria had occupied all of the Grisons. See our Privacy Policy. In response, in 1622, the Prttigau valley rebelled against the Austrians and drove them out of the valley. The Grisons or Graubnden, more formally the Canton of the Grisons or the Canton of Graubnden, is one of the twenty-six cantons of Switzerland. The largest and most sparsely populated of the cantons, it is a region of Alpine peaks and glaciers, of forested highlands, and of fertile valleys. [58] Wines are also naturally produced in the southern valleys but in smaller quantities. When was Switzerland last invaded? However, a large portion of the canton is neither clearly north nor south of the Alps, it is the Engadin (the "garden of the Inn"), a large inner Alpine valley oriented towards eastern Europe. More than 1.5 million Swiss citizens hold multiple citizenship. Treaties with Austria in 1649 and 1652, brought the Mstair and Lower Engadine valleys back under the authority of the Three Leagues. Acanton-wide Gerberget-together would require a very large hall. In Chur, archaeological evidence of settlement goes back as far as the Pfyn culture[17] (3900-3500 BC),[18] making the capital city of the Grisons one of the oldest settlements in Switzerland. The regions on the north side of the Alps are all drained by the Rhine and form an intricate network of valleys. Bilanz der stndigen Wohnbevlkerung nach Kanton, definitive Jahresergebnisse, 2018 (Swiss High German) Over 65 percent of farming in the canton of Grisons is organic. Other well-represented surnames in Switzerland are Meier (13,983) meaning Mayor, Schmid (12,709) meaning blacksmith and Keller (9,631), a name that comes from middle high German and means a cellar man or cellar master, a title sometimes given to the overseer of a food store in a monastery or castle. Popular; Latest; Tags; Beer-goggles put to the test April 21, 2009. On the national level it shares borders with four other cantons: Uri, Glarus, St. Gallen to the northwest (essentially across the Glarus Alps) and Ticino to the west (essentially across the Gotthard Massif and the Lepontine Alps but also at the level of the plain at Roveredo). The canton is particularly renowned for its numerous Alpine resort towns, notably two of the aforementioned ones (Davos and St. Moritz), but also Klosters, Arosa, Lenzerheide, Disentis, Flims, Pontresina and Scuol.[12]. This network is notably travelled by two of the longest distance trains of Switzerland: the Glacier Express and the Bernina Express. The 1835 census includes given name, surname, age, religion, and occupation. Switzerland, Baptisms, 1491-1940 2,930,645 records Index to selected Switzerland baptisms. The Grisons lies fully within the Alps, with elevations above sea-level ranging from 260 to 4,049 metres (853 to 13,284 ft). Lightboxes. Using a Hybseq DNA-sequencing approach and a complete species sample we reconstructed and dated the phylogeny of subsection Arachnoideae. Cheeses produced in the Grisons are also numerous. According to an article in theTages Anzeigerthe most common name inSwitzerland is Mller. After that, the Rhine collects the water of two important rivers: the Plessur at Chur, forming the valley of the Schanfigg, and the Landquart at the homonymous town, forming the Prtigau. ICH GCP. Every year, about eleven million visitors spend the night in the 170000beds. To determine the boundaries between proposed genetic regions we took into account the dialects spoken in each canton, as we believe that areas sharing a same dialect represent a group of people with enough shared ancestry over the centuries to have formed an ethnically coherent entity. 6 days / 5 nights. Email . The Musso war of 1520 drove the Three Leagues closer to the Swiss Confederacy. Find the perfect rhine valley switzerland grisons stock photo, image, vector, illustration or 360 image. However the Three Leagues remained a loose association until the Bundesbrief of 23 September 1524.[22]. The Anterior Rhine and Posterior Rhine include numerous tributaries as well before their own convergence. Among notable dishes are the Capuns, predominantly made in the western part of the Grisons. Follow Us! The first of these, the Gotteshausbund (League of God's House) was formed in 1367 to resist the power of the Bishopric of Chur and the Habsburgs. It is followed by Davos, Landquart, Domat/Ems and St. Moritz, which are, however, far less populated. The archive has published an inventory of church parish records showing which records are available. I can't believe 30% of me could be from that area of Switzerland and I suck so badly at skiing. It is essentially a shortcrust pastry filled with a mix of caramelized walnuts and honey. The State Archives documents 800 years of history. Scientists mull polarized light detection from alien life-forms April 23, 2009. What is called the traditional Romansh-speaking territory is entirely contained within Grisons: 121 municipalities in which a majority declared Romansh as their mother tongue in the Swiss censuses between 1860 and 1888. Anyone can contribute by testing their Y-DNA with one of the dozens of commercial company. Find Property for sale in Grisons. The total number of lakes has been estimated to 600. Black frozen lake Sils. Deutsche Bahn Intercity-Express. la quinta high school bell schedule cal bartlett wikipedia new ulm chamber of commerce event calendar uconn women's basketball tickets 2021 22. alexa demie height weight; mcquaby lake property for sale. The sleeping area with the large and small room and bathroom is located on the upper floor of the apartment. Mountain agriculture and tourism have sped up the transition. The other native names also refer to the Grey . Maybe you've been told your ancestors came from Switzerland, but youre not really sure which part or what the name signifies. If earlier generations (parents, grandparents, etc.) The canton is almost entirely mountainous and it is the most sparsely populated region of the country. I am showing 30% from Grisons, Switzerland. Some combination of these icons will appear at the far right of the microfilm listed for the record. Good fitness required. The Mesolcina, drained by the Moesa, the Val Bregaglia, drained by the Mera, the Val Poschiavo, drained by the Poschiavino, and the Val Mstair, drained by the Rom. But this athlete's paradise is also home to more culture than you'd expect: The Engadine valley in particular, with its traditional Romansh farmhouses and offbeat art scene . Home to cities such as Saint Moritz, Davos, and Chur, there's no shortage of things to do and see here. Switzerland DNA Project - mtDNA Test Results for Members . In the southern valleys of Mesolcina and Val Poschiavo there is corn (maize) and chestnut farming, allowed by the milder climate. n. is described from a subalpine peat bog biotope in the Swiss Alps. The Rhine is both one of the longest rivers within the canton and the only one flowing directly into a sea. Maluns are typically served with a compote of apples and various other local products such as cheeses and meat specialities. Several mountains over 3,000 metres overlook the . Summer tourism is also an important source of revenue. Romansch Grischun is mainly used as the common written language. The canton of (the) Grisons, or canton of Graubnden, [lower-alpha 1] is the largest and easternmost canton of Switzerland.It has international borders with Italy, Austria, and Liechtenstein.Its German name, Graubnden, translates as the "Grey Leagues", referring to the canton's origin in three local alliances, the League of God's House, the Grey League, and the League of the Ten Jurisdictions. Both are well represented in the canton, with Roman Catholics forming a slight plurality (47% Catholic to 41% Protestant). They are mostly diurnal, and only occasionally active at night. Welcome to our Switzerland family history research page. We provide a specialized syllabus, containing carefully developed lesson plans spanning science, geography, history and social studies. Maximum elevation: 12,805 ft. [15] The table below shows each project member's kit number and their tested mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) results. Swiss Railways (SBB/CFF/FFS) TGV inOui. The most industrialized region is naturally that of Chur. Address Vals Platz, Graubunden, Switzerland. These two rivers converge at Reichenau to form the Rhine in the strict sense of the term. You're free to opt out at any time. These are the Albula, the Bregaglia, the Glarus, the Gotthard, the Lepontine, the Livigno, the Plessur, the Oberhalbstein, the Ortler, the Rtikon, the Samnaun, the Sesvenna and the Silvretta ranges. [55] The Pizzoccheri are another dish, essentially eaten in the valley of Poschiavo. He supervised the torture to death of the arch-priest Nicola Rusca of Sondrio. Artificial lakes are more numerous, the largest (over 100 ha) being Lago di Livigno, Lago di Lei, Lai da Sontga Maria, Zervreilasee, Lago Bianco, Lai da Marmorera and Lgh da l'Albigna. Search for real estate and find the latest listings of Grisons Property for sale. Just after the convergence, the valley opens and its floor constitutes the flattest plains of the canton, from Domat/Ems to Flsch at the St. Gallen border. The only sizable city in the canton is Chur, as the majority of the population lives in mountainous areas, including some of the most remote valleys of the country. FamilySearch Microfilmed/Digitized Records, Inventory of census records in the Graubnden State Archive, https://www.familysearch.org/en/wiki/index.php?title=Canton_Graubnden,_Switzerland_Genealogy&oldid=5169986. The nationwide record temperature of 41.5C (106.7F) was registered there. Capital: Chur. Table 3: citizens and permanent residents of the municipality temporarily residing elsewhere, such as servants, students, etc. The coldest places are naturally at high elevations, such as on Piz Corvatsch. In 1497 and 1498 the Leagues[20] allied with the Old Swiss Confederacy after the Habsburgs acquired the possessions of the extinct Toggenburg dynasty in 1496,[21] siding with the Confederacy in the Swabian War three years later. The name most likely refers to those who came from rocky places. You will be able to write your request in German with the help of the German Letter Writing Guide. USD $2,792 *Per night . LOL My son did 23andMe as well and he shows Grisons too. Of the21,427 Mllers listed on search.ch, 22% live in Zurich, 8% in Basel, 9% in Lucerne and 14% in Aargau. 92,419 Canton Of Grisons Photos and Premium High Res Pictures - Getty Images Images Images Creative Editorial Video Creative Editorial FILTERS CREATIVE EDITORIAL VIDEO 92,419 CANTON OF GRISONS Premium High Res Photos Browse 92,419 CANTON OF GRISONS stock photos and images available, or start a new search to explore more stock photos and images. To build a regional genetic breakdown of ancestry within countries, similar to 'The Peopling of the British Isles project'. In the middle of the 19th century, author and politician Heinrich Zschokke remarked that Graubnden was "Switzerland within Switzerland". [9], The Engadin is entirely drained by the Inn and is the only valley in Switzerland in the Danube basin. Church records (Kirchenbcher) are the most significant source of genealogical information for Switzerland. [35], The inhabitants of the Grisons are called Bndner or (rarely) Grisonians. Colorful forest with orange larch and snowy mountains on background. Swiss or Switzerland, the land of chocolates, cheese, lakes, and skiing resorts, is a country with unique and diverse surnames. [26] On 3 September 1639 the Leagues agreed with Spain to bring the Valtellina back under League sovereignty, but with the promise to respect the free exercise of the Catholic faith. [11] See list of mountain lakes of Switzerland for a more exhaustive list. Top 20 best walks and hikes in Grisons Map data OpenStreetMap contributors 1 Rheinschluchtblick - Aussichtspunkt Loop from Trin Mulin Intermediate 03:58 13.3 km 3.4 km/h 380 m 380 m Intermediate Hiking Tour. The most frequent name in the bilingual canton ofFribourgis the very Swiss name of Aebischer. Thanks to a variety of offers, the area is also suitable for nature and wellness enthusiasts. It is the ideal starting point for many excursions to the Parc Ela, the largest nature park in Switzerland and to Davos Klosters. 1815 was the last time Switzerland had invaded another state, namely France, two weeks after the Battle of Waterloo! The mountain farmers are innovative. Around the year 1500, Swiss mercenaries were the most sought after and feared troops in Europe. The family-friendly Aparthotel Muchetta in Davos Wiesen lies in the heart of Graubnden. The tourism industry is a major player and reaches a remarkable 14 per cent of the GDP. km). Cart. Website www.vals.ch. [50] Eventually, the inhabitants of the Grisons gave up their resistance against individual motor traffic in 1926,[51] In 1967 opened San Bernardino road tunnel, built to host tourism traffic, is used also by heavy goods vehicles nowadays although not really suitable for them because of its ascent gradients. It is both one of the highest and lowest cantons, and the second . The area later was part of the lands of the diocese of Chur. Only a few localities are included and the time period varies by locality. FamilySearch has microfilmed and digitized records for some parishes in Canton Graubnden. [14] The low-elevation region of Chur, including the Bndner Herrschaft, experiences naturally less harsh temperatures with an average of 10.0C. If you have already tested with Living DNA, all you need to do to join the project is log into your account, click on the Research tab and choose to participate in our global ancestry research project, if you haven't already done it. Formerly occupied by the Rhaeti, most of the lands of the canton became part of the Roman province called Raetia, which was established in 15 BC, with Curia, a settlement dating back to the Pfyn culture, as capital city. Rejestr bada klinicznych. Romansh has official language status at the canton level. The peace treaty of Monzon (5 March 1626) between France and Spain, confirmed the political and religious independence of the Valtellina. Nearly 50% of Switzerlands almost 1,000 Aebischers live in Fribourg. Mostly accessible paths. As in England, the most commonsurnames in much of Switzerland come from professions. The league was called League of the Ten Jurisdictions (Zehngerichtebund). Allod-Park XXI is a two-room apartment located in Davos. The Engadin valley has its own airport, Samedan Airport. [9], The valleys on the south side of the Alps are not contiguous to each other and form four distinct regions. The purpose of this project is to estimate the percentage of Celtic, Nordic, Slavic, Greco-Roman, Jewish or other ancestry in each region of Germany, Switzerland and Austria. The geographic landscape here has staggering stats: 615 lakes, 150 valleys, 937 peaks. [53] A large number of cable transport facilities provide easy access to some of the mountains of the Grisons, the highest being on Piz Corvatsch. Using Landolt indicator values, this phylogenetic tree was used for the reconstruction of the evolution of temperature, light and soil pH requirements in this lineage. The largest natural lakes are Lake Sils, Lake Silvaplana, Lago di Poschiavo and Lake St. Moritz (all in Upper Engadin except that of Poschiavo). Another study by Niedersttter et al. Search the death registers for all known family members. Grisons high-tech production building soon to start operations (German only) All Stories Blog. Graubnden is the only tri-lingual canton in Switzerland where 76percent of the population speak German, 14percent Romansh, 10percent Italian. To build a genetic family tree of everyone from around the world, regardless of where your family comes from. All microfilmed parish records have been digitized. Grisons - spectacular alpine backdrop | SBB Grisons. Maria C. Gervasi b.1718, Poschiavo, Grisons, CH : Switzerland: H . Graubnden is the only trilingual canton of Switzerland; German, Romansh, and Italian are all official languages. Location: Grisons, Switzerland (46.16918 8.65106 47.06515 10.49229) Average elevation: 5,709 ft. The Romansh language is spoken only in the Grisons. [45] St. Moritz is one of the oldest winter sport resorts, being popular in winter since 1864. There are nearly 2,300 Favres listed in Switzerland, 300 of whom live in the canton of Geneva. Please try back later because we frequently add more collections. from CHF 550. No medical or individual information can be obtained from this DNA test. They live alone or in pairs within home ranges that take at least 4.2 square kilometers (1.6 sq mi). km (140 sq. Scroll down to the list of microfilm numbers. The latter uses the largest narrow-gauge railway network in Switzerland and serves most regions of the canton, with branches towards Central Switzerland and Italy. Graubnden is Switzerland's most mountainous, least densely populated canton. The name Grey League is derived from the homespun grey clothes worn by the people and was used exclusively after 16 March 1424. In the Mesolcina, olive trees are also grown.[13]. This part of the project is looking for people with all four grandparents born within 80km (50mi) of each other inside our project areas of interest. Our preliminary research indicates at least 10 areas of Switzerland may have distinct genetic differences. 1. Send to Phone Customize Map data OpenStreetMap contributors 2 The Inn is one of the longest rivers in the canton and forms an almost straight valley, from the Maloja Pass to Martina, with a change of direction near Zernez. Links to the records for each census are listed under the parish and municipality FamilySearch Wiki pages. Tome 4, Histoire militaire des suisses au service de la France : avec les pices justificatives. Switzerland, Grisons, Albula Alps . The Habsburgs were defeated at Calven Gorge and Dornach, helping the Swiss Confederation and the allied leagues of the canton of the Grisons to be recognised. [50] In 1925, there were already 250 vehicles in service. Pockets of people with high Neolithic ancestry were found in Tyrol and the Italian Alps. Other meat specialities include dried sausages (especially Salsiz, made of various meats), speck and ham. Search for historical records for ancestors in Switzerland. In addition to cultural and linguistic diversity, Graubnden also offers purity of nature: 615lakes, more than 900mountain tops and 150valleys. [5] Environmental Archaeology 11(1): 49-65. both one of the highest and lowest cantons, List of cultural property of national significance in Switzerland: Graubnden, Arealstatistik Land Cover - Kantone und Grossregionen nach 6 Hauptbereichen, "Stndige und nichtstndige Wohnbevlkerung nach institutionellen Gliederungen, Geburtsort und Staatsangehrigkeit", The Death of Communal Liberty: A History of Freedom in a Swiss Mountain Canton, "Destinations on official tourism board Graubnden, Switzerland holiday destinations", Gefrierschrank Schweiz: Am kltesten wirds am Mittwochmorgen, "DNA tests aim to identify 17th century figure", "Constitution of the canton of Graubnden", "Comune Bregaglia accorda diritto di voto e di eleggibilit a stranieri domiciliati", Nationalratswahlen: Strke der Parteien nach Kantonen (Schweiz = 100%), "Kanton Graubnden: Die 11 Regionen, 2017 (Kantone/Bezirke) | Karte", "Rpertoire officiel des communes de Suisse", "Stndige Wohnbevlkerung nach Staatsangehrigkeit, Geschlecht und Kantonen", "Wohnbevlkerung nach Religion, nach Kantonen und Stdten", "Die ersten Volkszhlungen in Graubnden", Federal Statistical Office - Stndige Wohnbevlkerung nach Hauptsprachen und Kanton, 2015, "St Moritz, The Birthplace Of Winter Sports", In step with the times for the past 150 years, Historic route across Alps Splgen Pass hike in Switzerland, "Graubnden Strasseninfos - Unser Kanton - www.gr.ch", Hike the alps in Switzerland; Information, Graubnden, Bndner Herrschaft a small region of great wines, Short documentary from the cantonal authorities, Official Canton of the Grisons statistics website, Municipalities of the canton of Graubnden, Cultural Property of National Significance, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grisons&oldid=1128761634, Regions of Europe with multiple official languages, States and territories established in 1803, Articles containing Romansh-language text, Articles containing Italian-language text, Articles with German-language sources (de), Articles with dead external links from October 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with Italian-language sources (it), Articles with dead external links from August 2018, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Lombard-language text, Pages using infobox settlement with missing country, Articles containing potentially dated statements from January 2016, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2020, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2007, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2000, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 21 December 2022, at 21:33. 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